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Hard drive controllers do exactly what they sound like: control your computer's hard disk. They are the circuitry involved in running hard disks and getting them to do what they are supposed to. On IDE drives, the hard drive controller is actually part of the drive. In older hard drives, controllers were separate boards.
With a typical IDE hard drive, you can have up to four devices directly connected to the motherboard. An example would be the hard drive, floppy drive, CD-ROM, and DVD drives. If all the spots are used up, you would need to purchase another hard drive controller card. Sometimes the hard drive controller can fail and you will need to replace it. You need the same type of controller as your hard drive. For example, IDE drives are only compatible with IDE controllers, and SCSI drives need SCSI controllers.
If you get an error that says "HDD controller failure" upon booting your computer, it usually means the hard disk drive (HDD) controller has failed. Sometimes, you will get a 1701 error, which means the hard drive controller and the drive are having trouble communicating. This might be due to a loose connection.
The best way to avoid losing data is to prevent loss by backing up. With the low cost of external hard drives this is a ideal solution. By making regular copies of your important files, or by cloning your entire hard drive setup, you'll save yourself a ton of trouble in the event that your hard drive ever goes bad.
“ Be advised this card only has support for SATA II, not III. ”
LSI 6Gbps SAS HBA 9220-8i P20 IT Mode ZFS FreeNAS unRAID + 2* SATA Cable“ They perform this task well and work flawlessly on Debian Linux! ”
IOCrest SI-PEX40064 PCI-Express 2.0 Low Profile Ready SATA III (6.0 Gb/s) Controller Card“ Maybe not the fastest, but works at adding more sata ports on my unraid server. ”
4 Port SATA III PCI-e 3.0 x1 Card Non-Raid with Low Profile Bracket“ I am liking the card, even though it appears to be an open-box item and not new. ”
LSI 9305-16i PCI-Express 3.0 x8 Low Profile SAS Host Bus Adapter“ Excellent for the price and you also get two SAS to SATA cables. ”
LSI 6Gbps SAS HBA 9220-8i P20 IT Mode ZFS FreeNAS unRAID + 2* SATA Cable“ The controller works as it should. ”
LSI MegaRAID Internal Low-Power SATA/SAS 9260-8i 6Gb/s PCI-Express 2.0 w/ 512MB onboard memory RAID Controller Card, Single--Avago Technologies“ Yes, good price for a 4 port card used for internal drives only, or for a single disk external enclosure. ”
IOCrest SI-PEX40064 PCI-Express 2.0 Low Profile Ready SATA III (6.0 Gb/s) Controller Card“ I'd recommend it. It is inexpensive and does the job. ”
4 Port SATA III PCI-e 3.0 x1 Card Non-Raid with Low Profile Bracket